Trade Names:Sular- Tablets, extended-release 8.5 mg- Tablets, extended-release 17 mg- Tablets, extended-release 25.5 mg- Tablets, extended-release 34 mg
Inhibits movement of calcium ions across cell membrane in systemic and coronary vascular smooth muscle and myocardium.
Nisoldipine is well absorbed. Absolute bioavailability is 5% and T max is 9.2 to 5.1 h. High-fat food results in significant increase in peak concentration (up to 245%) and a decrease in AUC by 25%.
Presystemic metabolism of nisoldipine in gut wall and liver by CYP-450 enzymes.
87% of the radiolabeled drug is recovered in urine and feces. Nisoldipine is eliminated 60% to 80% in urine (traces unchanged), 5 urinary metabolites and only 1 active. The t ½ is 13.7 to 4.3 h.
Dosage adjustments are not needed in patients with mild to moderate renal function impairment.
ElderlyHigher nisoldipine plasma concentrations (C max and AUC) have been found in elderly.
Liver cirrhosisIncreased plasma concentrations. Use lower starting and maintenance doses.
Treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.
Sensitivity to dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers.
PO Initiate therapy with 17 mg once daily, then increase by 8.5 mg/wk, or with longer intervals, to attain adequate BP control (max, 34 mg/day).
Patients older than 65 yr of age, or patients with impaired liver functionInitiate therapy with 8.5 mg once daily.
Store at 68° to 77°F. Protect from light and moisture.
Because nisoldipine is a substrate for CYP3A4, in general, avoid coadministration with CYP3A4 inducers. Nisoldipine plasma levels may be reduced, decreasing the efficacy.
CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, azole antifungal agents [eg, itraconazole, ketoconazole], cimetidine, grapefruit juice, quinidine)Because nisoldipine is a substrate for CYP3A4, in general, avoid coadministration with CYP3A4 inhibitors. Nisoldipine plasma levels may be elevated, increasing the pharmacologic effect and adverse reactions.
None well documented.
Vasodilation (4%); palpitation (3%).
Headache (22%); dizziness (5%).
Rash (2%).
Pharyngitis (5%).
Nausea (2%).
Systemic hypersensitivity including angioedema, chest tightness, hypotension, rash, shortness of breath, and tachycardia (postmarketing).
Sinusitis (3%).
Peripheral edema (22%); chest pain (2%).
MonitorMonitor BP during initial administration and titration. |
Category C .
Undetermined.
Safety and efficacy not established.
Use with caution, usually starting at the low end of the dosage range because of the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and concomitant diseases or other drug therapy.
Use drug with caution in patients with severe hepatic function impairment.
Contains FD&C Yellow No. 5. Use with caution in patients with aspirin sensitivity.
Use drug with caution in patients with CHF or compromised ventricular function.
Sometimes, patients, particularly those with severe obstructive coronary artery disease, may have increased frequency, duration, or severity of angina or acute MI at start of therapy or when dose is increased.
Pronounced hypotension.
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