Trade Names:Angiomax- Powder for injection, lyophilized 250 mg
Inhibits thrombin by reversibly binding to the catalytic site and the anion-binding exosite of circulating and clot-bound thrombin.
Steady-state concentration is about 12.3 mcg/mL.
Not bound to plasma proteins (other than thrombin) or red blood cells.
Cleared from plasma by renal mechanisms and proteolytic cleavage; elimination related to glomerular filtration rate. The t ½ is 25 min. Cl is 3.4 mL/min/kg.
Produces immediate anticoagulant effect.
Coagulation times return to baseline about 1 h following end of administration.
Cl is reduced about 20% in moderate to severe renal function impairment and about 80% in dialysis-dependent patients.
Anticoagulant in combination with aspirin in patients with unstable angina undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA); anticoagulant in combination with aspirin and provisional use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) inhibitor in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); in combination with aspirin for treatment of patients with, or at risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis syndrome (HIT/HITTS) undergoing PCI.
Active major bleeding, hypersensitivity to bivalirudin.
IV Bolus dose of 0.75 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 1.75 mg/kg/h for duration of PCI procedure. Five minutes after bolus dose, obtain ACT and administer additional bolus of 0.3 mg/kg if indicated.
HIT/HITTSAdultsIV Bolus dose of 0.75 mg/kg, followed by a continuous infusion at a rate of 1.75 mg/kg/h for the duration of the procedure.
Continuation of TherapyAdultsIV Infusion may be continued for up to 4 h post-procedure as indicated. After 4 h, an additional IV infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/h for up to 20 h may be given if needed.
Concomitant TherapyAdultsPO Bivalirudin is intended for concurrent use with aspirin (300 to 325 mg/day).
Renal Function ImpairmentAdultsIV Ccr 30 to 50 mL/min: Administer infusion at rate of 1.75 mg/kg/h. Ccr less than 30 mL/min: Reduce infusion rate to 1 mg/kg/h. Hemodialysis: Reduce infusion rate to 0.25 mg/kg/h. No reduction in bolus dose needed.
Store unopened vials at controlled room temperature (59° to 86°F). Refrigerate reconstituted solution up to 24 h (36° to 46°F). Diluted solution may be stored for up to 24 h at controlled room temperature. Protect reconstituted solutions from freezing.
The risk of major bleeding may be increased.
None well documented.
Hypotension (12%); hypertension (6%); bradycardia (5%); thrombus formation during PCI with and without intracoronary brachytherapy (postmarketing).
Headache (12%); insomnia (7%); anxiety (6%); nervousness (5%).
Nausea (15%); vomiting (6%); abdominal pain, dyspepsia (5%).
Urinary retention (4%).
Major hemorrhage (4%); fatal bleeding (postmarketing).
Back pain (42%); pain (15%); injection site pain (8%); pelvic pain (6%); fever (5%); hypersensitivity and allergic reactions including rare reports of anaphylaxis (postmarketing).
MonitorMonitor patient for signs of bleeding throughout therapy. |
Category B .
Undetermined.
Safety and efficacy not established.
More bleeding events reported in elderly patients than younger patients.
Use with caution in patients with disease states associated with an increased risk of bleeding.
Use with caution; increased risk of thrombus formation has been associated with use of bivalirudin as the antithrombin in gamma brachytherapy.
May occur at any site. Avoid IM injections of other medications. Venipuncture sites may require pressure to prevent bleeding and hematoma formation. Consider hemorrhagic event if unexplained fall in hematocrit or BP, or any unexplained symptom is noted.
Treatment-emergent positive antibody tests may occur.
Adverse reactions have not been reported; however, monitor for signs of bleeding.
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