Trade Names:Cefpodoxime Proxetil- Granules for Suspension 50 mg/5 mL- Granules for Suspension 100 mg/5 mL
Trade Names:Vantin- Tablets 100 mg- Tablets 200 mg
Inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in bacterial cell wall.
About 50% absorbed.
TabletsC max is 1.4 to 3.9 mcg/mL (100 to 400 mg dose). T max is about 2 to 3 h.
SuspensionC max is about 1.5 mcg/mL (100 mg dose).
FoodAUC and C max are increased when tablets are taken with food. T max is increased 48% when suspension is taken with food.
21% to 29% plasma protein bound.
Cefpodoxime proxetil is a prodrug and de-esterified to cefpodoxime (active).
About 29% to 33% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine in 12 h. The t ½ is 2.09 to 2.84 h.
Elimination is reduced in those with CrCl less than 50 mL/min. Dosage adjustment is recommended.
ElderlyThe t ½ is increased to about 4.2 h. Dosage adjustment is recommended in those with diminished renal function.
Treatment of infections of respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and skin structures; treatment of STDs caused by susceptible strains of specific microorganisms.
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
PO 100 to 400 mg every 12 h.
Children 6 mo to 12 yr of agePO 10 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 12 h (max 200 mg/dose).
Administer with food to enhance absorption.
Store tablets at controlled room temperature (68° to 77°F). Store unsuspended granules at controlled room temperature (68° to 77°F). Store reconstituted suspension in refrigerator (36° to 46°F); discard any unused portion after 14 days.
Inhibition of renal excretion of cefpodoxime.
May cause false-positive urine glucose test results with Benedict solution, Fehling solution, or Clinitest tablets but not with enzyme-based tests (eg, Clinistix , Tes-tape ); false-positive test results for proteinuria with acid and denaturization-precipitation tests; false-positive direct Coombs test result in certain patients (eg, those with azotemia); false elevations in urinary 17-ketosteroid values.
Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; anorexia; abdominal pain or cramps; flatulence; colitis, including pseudomembranous colitis.
Pyuria; renal function impairment; dysuria; reversible interstitial nephritis; hematuria; toxic nephropathy.
Eosinophilia; neutropenia; lymphocytosis; leukocytosis; thrombocytopenia; decreased platelet function; anemia; aplastic anemia; hemorrhage.
Hepatic function impairment; abnormal LFT results.
Hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis; serum sickness–like reactions (eg, skin rashes, polyarthritis, arthralgia, fever); candidal overgrowth.
Category B .
Excreted in breast milk.
Consider benefits relative to risks. Safety and efficacy in children younger than 6 mo of age not established.
Reactions range from mild to life-threatening. Administer drug with caution to penicillin-sensitive patients because of possible cross-reactivity.
Use drug with caution in patients with renal function impairment. Dosage adjustment based on renal function may be required.
May result in bacterial or fungal overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms.
Consider in patients in whom diarrhea develops.
Seizures.
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